IMAGING DIAGNOSIS—SPINAL CORD HEMANGIOMA IN TWO DOGS

Intramedullary masses are a dilemma due to the limited access for a nonsurgical biopsy, thus, accurate imaging characterization is crucial. Magnetic resonance imaging findings of two confirmed canine thoracic intramedullary hemangiomas are described. A capillary hemangioma was of mixed intensity but predominantly T2‐hyperintense and mildly T1‐hyperintense to spinal cord with strong contrast enhancement. A cavernous hemangioma had a target‐like appearance in both T1‐weighted (T1w) and T2‐weighted (T2w) images. In T2w images there was a small isointense center surrounded by a relatively large hyperintense area. In T1w images, there was a large isointense centre with a relatively small hyperintense periphery. Such characteristics should prioritize hemangioma as a consideration in a progressive myelopathy due to an intramedullary mass.     

THE VALUE OF RADIOGRAPHIC SCREENING FOR METALLIC PARTICLES IN THE EQUINE FOOT AND SIZE OF RELATED ARTIFACTS ON LOW‐FIELD MRI

Magnetic susceptibility artifacts as a result of metal debris from shoeing are a common problem in magnetic resonance imaging of the equine foot. Our purpose was to determine the suitability of radiography as a screening tool for the presence and location of metallic particles in the equine foot and to predict the size of the resultant magnetic susceptibility artifact. Radiography had 100% sensitivity for detection of metal particles ≥1 mm diameter. Metal particles of known diameter were placed within the hoof wall of 22 cadaver feet and scanned with a low‐field strength MR imaging unit (0.21 T). Magnetic resonance images were characterized by a signal void with a hyperintense rim and adjacent image distortion at the level of the known metal location. T2* weighted sequences were the most and fast spin echo (FSE) sequences the least affected. For all four sequences (T1 gradient echo [GRE]; T2*W GRE; T2 FSE; and short tau inversion recovery FSE), linear relationships were observed between particle and resultant artifact size. Magnetic susceptibility artifact size, location and superimposition on clinically relevant anatomic structures can be predicted radiographically for particles larger than 1 mm. If metal debris cannot be removed, the least artifact‐prone FSE sequences should be selected.     

堆肥提取液中腐殖酸类物质能够显著促进黄瓜生长

The effects of direct extracts of compost (DEC), aerated fermentation extracts of compost (AFEC) and non-aerated fermentation extracts of compost (NAFEC) on cucumber growth and the action mechanisms were evaluated based on the structure and activity analysis of humic-like substances. AFEC increased cucumber growth most significantly, followed by DEC and NAFEC, which was insignificant compared to the control treatment. Humic-like substances from compost extracts played an important role in promoting cucumber growth. Application of humic-like substances stimulated auxin-like activity and increased chlorophyll content and nitrogen accumulation in plants. The positive auxin-like activity of humic-like substances could be attributed to the relative distribution of special carbon groups, such as those with a large amount of peptidic and carbohydratic groups or with a low content of phenolic groups. In conclusion, the best growth promotion by application of AFEC was mainly attributed to the humic-like substances in the AFEC.     

基于核磁共振成像的农产品几何模型重构

为了提高农产品数值模拟的精度,需要为其提供精确的农产品几何模型。该研究以具有不规则几何特征的农产品芒果、香蕉和苹果为试验对象,利用核磁共振成像仪获取的断层切片图像,借助于计算机图形学技术和视觉化工具函数库Visualization Toolkit5.4(VTK),实现了其几何模型的重构。结果表明,3种农产品几何模型的体积值与其真实值之间的误差均小于3%,与标准方法测得结果具有很好的一致性。该研究为农产品几何模型获取提供了一种新的方法,能为农产品数值模拟、有限元分析以及品质检测等提供直接的几何模型支持。     

面向机器人采摘的荔枝果梗力学特性

为了给荔枝采摘机器人夹持与切割器的设计和控制提供依据,对荔枝果梗分别进行了切割性能和夹持性能的影响因素试验以及弯曲试验。试验结果表明:峰值切割力和切割强度随着切割速度增加而减小,随着切割角度的减少而减少,凹刃和凸刃的峰值切割力和切割强度都比平刃小;除果梗直径因素外对峰值切割力和切割强度影响显著的因素均依次为切割角度、刃口形式和切割速度;切割角度每减少1,峰值切割力和切割强度分别减少4.45N和0.16MPa;相比平刃的峰值切割力和切割强度,凸刃分别减少166.90N和2.11MPa,而凹刃分别减少167.39N和4.21MPa。随着夹持力增加,荔枝果梗与夹持物间摩擦力增加,夹持物为橡胶时,摩擦力最大,夹持力对摩擦力的影响大于夹持材料;试验范围内,最大摩擦力为44.54N。荔枝果梗具有较强的抵抗变形的能力,平均弹性模量为867.15MPa;试验范围内,最大弯曲力的平均值为118.95N,抗弯强度的平均值为56.03MPa。该研究为荔枝采摘机器人的夹持与切割机构的优化设计和控制提供了理论依据。     

胺基化磁性壳聚糖微球对苹果渣多酚的吸附条件优化

为分离苹果渣中的多酚物质,研究壳聚糖磁性材料对多酚物质提取的影响。采用化学共沉淀法制得Fe3O4磁核,反相悬浮交联法制得磁性壳聚糖微球,并进行胺基化改性;利用扫描电镜、激光粒度仪对微球进行表征。采用单因素试验和响应曲面法对磁性微球吸附分离苹果渣多酚的吸附条件进行了工艺优化。结果表明:胺基化磁性壳聚糖微球吸附苹果渣多酚工艺参数对多酚吸附率有显著影响,因素影响主次顺序为微球用量>摇床转速>吸附温度;胺基化磁性壳聚糖微球吸附苹果渣多酚的工艺参数为:微球用量0.25g/mL,吸附温度45℃,摇床转速127r/min,吸附率可达81.58%。壳聚糖与Fe3O4磁性物质相结合,对多酚物质具有良好的吸附性能,可以对多酚物质进行快速分离,解析后多酚得率可达78.73%。研究结果为磁性材料吸附分离多酚类物质提供了理论参考。     

广西和福建两省荔枝园土壤养分吸附特性

应用土壤养分状况系统研究法(ASI)对广西和福建两省荔枝主产区荔枝园土壤的养分吸附能力进行系统研究。结果显示:(1)广西贵港市土壤对P的吸附率平均为44.3%,K为43.6%,B为19.5%,Zn为18.7%,S为2.1%;玉林市P为50.0%,K为33.2%,B为32.1%,Zn为20.5%,S为6.1%;钦州市P为51.4%,K为22.2%,B为17.7%,Zn为22.5%,S为36.2%。可见,贵港市和玉林市土壤对养分的吸附能力大小均为P>K>B>Zn>S,而钦州市为P>S>Zn>K>B。(2)广西荔枝园土壤对P的吸附率平均为49.5%,K为30.2%,S为18.9%,B为22.6%,Zn为21.1%;而福建P为30.4%,K为23.4%,B为18.5%,S为15.6%,Zn为21.0%。可见,两省荔枝园土壤对磷的吸附均很强(两省荔枝园土壤均属铁铝土,而铁铝氧化物含量丰富),而对钾、硼、锌和硫的吸附能力均相对较弱。广西荔枝园土壤对P、K、S和B的吸附能力显著强于福建(由南向北,铁铝土的富铝化风化程度减弱),而对Zn的吸附能力相当。     

荔枝转基因抗性胚性愈伤组织的酯酶同工酶分析

通过对荔枝转基因抗性胚性愈伤组织(EC)的酯酶(EST)同工酶分析发现,9个转基因抗性EC的EST同工酶谱带没有差异,并且与对照的未转化HX30的细胞系差异也不大,这表明荔枝胚性愈伤组织的酯酶同工酶具有保守性,并未受到转基因的影响,可以作为不同荔枝品种转基因材料混杂鉴定的标记。     

荔枝采摘器优化设计与仿真

为改善荔枝的采摘条件,提高其采摘效率,通过分析荔枝的栽培生长特性,设计了一种简易且不伤果的荔枝串果采摘器具;建立了采摘器剪切运动和剪切力模型,利用Matlab进行了结构参数优化;应用Adams和AN-SYS构建了采摘器虚拟样机及有限元模型,进行了运动仿真分析和强度分析,验证了采摘器整体设计和结构参数的合理性。采摘试验表明,采摘器样机可快速采摘且柔性接果。     

提取桔皮色素的研究（Ⅰ）

研究了从桔皮中有效提取桔皮色素的方法，提取率为１３．８％，讨论了温度、ｐＨ、光，热以及溶剂对色素的影响。